How does a controller initiate communications with a pilot?

A controller initiates communications with a pilot by stating the aircraft's callsign and providing instructions. This approach is standardized and ensures clarity right from the beginning of the communication. The callsign effectively identifies the specific aircraft involved, allowing both the controller and the pilot to engage in a clear and direct exchange of information. Following the callsign, providing instructions is vital as it informs the pilot about the next steps to take, whether it be taxiing, takeoff, or any other operational needs.

Using the aircraft’s registration number might not be as effective in ensuring immediate recognition, as callsigns are specifically designed for communication purposes and are more familiar in operational contexts. Announcing weather conditions can be helpful, but it typically occurs after initial contact has been established rather than as a means to initiate communication. Maintaining radio silence is contrary to the principles of active communication necessary in air traffic control, as timely exchanges of instructions and information are critical for safe and efficient operations.