Any occurrence at an aerodrome involving the incorrect presence of an aircraft, vehicle, or person is a ______.

The term that accurately describes any occurrence at an aerodrome involving the incorrect presence of an aircraft, vehicle, or person is a runway incursion. This specifically refers to instances where an unauthorized vehicle, person, or aircraft is present on a runway or taxiway, which poses a significant risk of collision and can lead to hazardous situations for aircraft movements.

Runway incursions draw attention due to their potential to compromise safety by interfering with the takeoff or landing of aircraft. This situation highlights the importance of strict adherence to operational protocols and clear communication among all parties involved in ground operations at an aerodrome.

In contrast, other options pertain to different safety issues. Control errors refer to mistakes made by the air traffic controller in providing instructions or handling traffic. System deviations entail deviations from established procedures or protocols within the operational systems but do not specifically address the unauthorized presence on runways or taxiways. Pilot deviations generally relate to actions taken by pilots that contravene operational regulations or air traffic control instructions, which is not the specific context of incorrect physical presence at an aerodrome.